Usulan TPM Berbasis OEE Untuk Optimalisasi Kinerja Mesin Bubut Shoun Cazeneuve Di PT Dok Dan Perkapalan Kodja Bahari Galangan II

Penulisan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum optimalnya kinerja mesin bubut konvensional Shoun Cazeneuve tipe HB 575 di divisi mekanik PT DOK dan Perkapalan Kodja Bahari Galangan II yang ditunjukkan oleh tingginya downtime dan rendahnya efisiensi produksi. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis efektivitas kinerja mesin menggunakan metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) serta mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab utama penurunan kinerja. Metode yang digunakan adalah perhitungan OEE yang terdiri dari tiga komponen utama yaitu availability, performance, dan quality berdasarkan data produksi dan downtime periode Januari hingga April 2026. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata availability sebesar 85,27%, performance sebesar 56,44%, dan quality sebesar 85,48% dengan nilai OEE sebesar 40,88%. Nilai tersebut masih berada di bawah standar world class menurut Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance yaitu sebesar ≥ 85,4%. Analisis menggunakan diagram fishbone menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan penyebab rendahnya kinerja mesin berasal dari aspek mesin seperti kondisi chuck yang longgar, getaran pada tailstock, sistem pengereman yang tidak optimal, serta kerusakan mata pahat. Selain itu faktor manusia dan metode juga berkontribusi akibat kurangnya ketelitian operator dan belum adanya standar operasional prosedur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diusulkan penerapan Total Productive Maintenance, peningkatan keterampilan operator, serta penyusunan standar operasional prosedur guna meningkatkan nilai OEE dan kinerja mesin.
Kata kunci:overall equipment effectiveness, mesin bubut, total productive maintenance, downtime, kinerja mesin
This study is motivated by the suboptimal performance of the conventional lathe machine Shoun Cazeneuve type HB 575 in the mechanical division of PT DOK dan Perkapalan Kodja Bahari Galangan II, indicated by high downtime and low production efficiency. This study aims to measure and analyze machine effectiveness using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method and to identify the main causes of performance decline. The method used is OEE calculation which consists of three main components, namely availability, performance, and quality based on production and downtime data from January to April 2026. The results show that the average availability is 85.27%, performance is 56.44%, and quality is 85.48% with an OEE value of 40.88%. These values are still below the world-class standard set by the Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance, which is ≥ 85.4%. Fishbone diagram analysis indicates that the dominant factors causing low machine performance are related to machine conditions such as loose chuck, excessive tailstock vibration, suboptimal braking system, and tool damage. In addition, human and method factors also contribute due to lack of operator accuracy and absence of standard operating procedures. Based on the results, improvements are proposed through the implementation of Total Productive Maintenance, operator skill enhancement, and the development of standard operating procedures to improve OEE and machine performance.
Keywords: overall equipment effectiveness, lathe machine, total productive maintenance, downtime, machine performance